Learn all you need to know about aim logJoists members are what your flooring will rest on. The sizes applicable to each building are shown in the sectional and plan drawings. In most cases they are 2-by-6-Inch members laid 16 inches on center. I have tried to design all the camps so that it will not be necessary to cut most of the joists. . This service will require a 60-ampere service entrance switch (fuse box or circuit breaker). The entrance cable must be grounded but may run above ground or be buried in a shallow trench and run underground to your camp. The actual installation and connection of this cable to the power line and meter are done by the supplier of electricity. . The notched joist arrangement is used when no sill is provided. The blocking provides a bearing spot for the joists. If you use pier foundations, be sure to follow the sectional drawings for each cottage, because this header may actually be a girder around the outside of the building. .
A lock nut is screwed tight from inside the box. Some types of boxes have a built-in clamping device which eliminates the use of connectors. The illustration shows how the wires are joined to switches or receptacles in the box. . Properly constructed, a batten door can be used for an opening of almost any width. However, the height should be a little over twice the width. Be sure to use braces as shown in the larger detail. The tongue-and-groove boards should be screwed to the braces. Use strap-type hinges for best results.. A plumbers' furnace is a type of gasoline stove with a melting pot for lead at the top. Ladles are spoonlike dippers used to remove lead from the plumbers' furnace to the joint that is being packed. Blow torches usually use gasoline for fuel. Be sure to keep the flame of this tool away from any combustible material.. The fireplace details are designed to give you the basic relationships between the various elements. Note particularly the relationship between the opening and the flue size. The septic tank shown on page 150, with a proper drain field, will take care of the sewage from your cottage. It has a capacity of about 325 gallons. . . The sole helps to transmit loads to the joists, girders, and foundations. It also serves as a nailing surface for the interior finish. The studs will be nailed to this surface..
Let's look at some of the different types of installations. Jet pumps are very popular. The shallow-well type will pump water where the water level is not lower than 22 feet below the pump. A deep-well jet can be used to get water more than 100 feet below the surface of the earth. Both of these pumps can be offset from the water source.. . There are many types of roofing materials that can be used on your cabin. To some extent, the choice of materials will depend upon whether the roof is pitched or flat. The table on page 120 indicates whether you should use a roll or shingle type of roofing material..
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When you buy your pump, you will find specific instructions included with the unit. Follow these instructions explicitly—the manufacturer knows what his pump is capable of doing. Reciprocating pumps are of two different types. The piston type, which is usually mounted on a storage tank, can be used to do any of the jobs that a shallow-well jet pump will do. . Framing lumber varies in size from its nominal dimension. All 2-inch timber is actually I 5/8 inches thick; 4- and 6-inch timber is 3/8 inch less than the nominal size; larger sizes are 1/2 inch less. Nominal I-inch boards are actually 3/4 inch thick. Their width is 1/2 inch less than their nominal size through 6 inches, larger size boards are I/2 inch less. . The deep-well reciprocating pump is one that must be mounted over the well. Piston-type pumps will raise water from a source not lower than 22 feet below the level of the pump. No cylinder or rod extends into the water source. The pump can be offset from the well. Only one pipe is required. .
You probably already own the essential ones. These are: hammer, screw driver, saw (crosscut, also ripsaw if possible), plane, bit and brace, chisel, pliers, file, try square, 6-foot rule, level, spatula. If you don't have all of these tools, I'd suggest that you get them.. Except in the case of concrete slab construction, the sill is the first wood member to rest on the foundations and will be the first wood member you will put down. The sill is usually a 2-by-4-inch piece. In pier construction you will note that I have occasionally used a 2-by-6-inch member. This is because the header is made up of two pieces 2 inches thick, instead of one, as shown in the illustration.. All the necessary parts can be bought from your local plumbing dealer, or from the major mail-order houses. It is also possible to rent the necessary tools. Where do we start? If I were doing the job, I'd start with the fitting that drains the seat and tub. On the floor of the bathroom mark where this fitting (I) is to go. . For siding, probably the most practical and easiest material to use as the exterior finish is wood. It has the advantage of coming in many different shapes, colors, and textures. It can be stained, painted, or left natural.. The tripod or three-legged stand is used to hold lengths of pipe when it is being driven into the earth. The drive assembly consists of a number of parts, including a nipple, coupling, and malleable iron drive cap. These parts are screwed to the end of the pointed piece that goes into the earth as you drive a well. . As noted in previous articles, I have not specified that sheathing must be used. Plywood or one of the composition sheathings or diagonal sheathing boards may be used—in fact, should be used if you plan to use the cottage year-round at some time in the future. It should also be used if you are going to use plaster or plasterboard on the inside. .
The next step is to install the vent pipe. Measure the distance from the top of part 3 to about I foot above the roof. Cut and thread the pipe and screw it into the lavatory fitting 3. Some systems use an increaser at the top of this pipe. If you are going to use the cottage only during the summer, the increaser is an unnecessary part. . . It will help to stiffen your structure and is, therefore, a real building material. Planking with square edges, tongue-and-groove, V-jointed or other surface markings can be used horizontally or vertically in your cabin. Like plywood, it is a serviceable material that will help your structure..
Insider tips aim log. If you decide to build a beach house, don’t build too close to the water. As you have noticed by the recent events in Florida, ocean storms often drive the water a considerable distance inland. Be sure to get expert advice regarding the safety of your location. If the coastline is rocky, it is usually a good idea to keep your cottage back from the water as far as the shrub growth. Usually this line is a safe distance from waves.. Plywood is always a possible exterior finish. It is very important that it should be exterior grade—never use interior-grade plywood for exterior purposes. Cottage No. 2 would look particularly attractive if it were finished with %-inch exterior-grade plywood..
Install a System to Effectively Distribute the Water through your Cottage. Saws are used to cut materials. The most common type is the panel saw. Depending on the set of the teeth, saws are usually classified as ripsaws or crosscut saws. You will use these saws to rip or cut most of the wood in your cottage unless you use power equipment. . Water is one of the most important things that you will need for your camp. It can be the hardest or the easiest thing to find. A clear lake and a bucket is the cheapest way you'll be able to get a good supply. It is important that the water you use be free from harmful bacteria. Taste is no substitute for a test of good drinking water. .
Personally I prefer a natural exterior finish. Varnish, or stain alone, will not hold up. The United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Products Laboratory, recommends a finish that is made of half spar varnish and half turpentine or other paint thinner. . Start with the lowest part of your roof. Let the edges of the paper overlap the end of the roof by 2 or 3 inches. This overlap should be cut later, a little under the first shingle course. The next layer of paper will overlap the lower one by 2 inches. Continue this process to the peak of the roof. . You will find that over door and window openings something has been added to the plate beam or additional support to take the extra load of the span. When there is a pitched roof on the house and the ceiling follows this pitch, be sure to use collars or crosspieces as shown in the illustration. These should be less than 5 feet on center..
When both sides of the roof are finished, lay one width of paper over the ridge pole. Short wide-head roofing nails should be used with this paper. When the paper has been put down, use a carpenter's chalk line, which is impregnated with chalk, and snap the guidelines for the shingles. If your shingle exposure is 4 inches, you will want to snap chalk lines with this spacing all the way from the first course to the last at the top. . Long-nose pliers with cutting edge are useful in cutting and stripping wire. They are similar to pliers used to remove nuts or bolts. A soldering dipper is a small hinged container used to hold solder. Wires are dipped into the solder after being wound around each other.. Choosing the Right Pipes and Plumbing System for your Area.
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